HttpClient调用webservice

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2010年07月6日 | 9:31 下午分类：WebService | 365 views

webservice调用总结

WebService以其不可比拟的优越性，在实际应用中，深受开发人员的欢迎。以前实验室的项目多是采用AXIS2作为webservice的解决方案，虽然其作为服务器端性能不错，但是其作为客户端存在稍显笨重，不易开发人员迅速上手的问题。接触了一段时间的HttpClient,于是最近尝试了一下通过httpclient，进行webservice客户端请求的调用，整个过程感觉效果不错。其实，webservice的本质就是一个遵循soap协议的远程调用过程。无论是AXIS2、Xfire还是httpclient，其只是帮我们封装好了一些调用方法，方便我们的调用。我们完全可以不通过这些方法，通过java提供的标准api，封装一个soap请求，进行http请求，完成我们的调用过程（这里讨论的不包含webservice发布问题）。这也是为什么基本上每一个面向公众的webservice商业应用都会提供Endpoint、Disco、WSDL三种参数入口：

代码示例：

^?Download ClientOperate.java

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
/**
 * 类作用:演示了如何通过get、post以及httpclient封装soap请求三种方式调用webservice
 * @author qsw-Myonlystar @date 2010-7-6
 * @mail i@qinshuwei.com
 * 说明：调用的webservice为http://webservice.webxml.com.cn网站的火车站查询服务
 */
public class Test {
	/**
	 * 通过get方式演示webservice
	 */
	private void getMethodWS(){
		DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
		HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/TrainTimeWebService.asmx/getStationName");
		ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
		String responseBody = null;
		try {
			responseBody = httpclient.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println(responseBody);
		httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();	
	}
	/**
	 * 通过post方式调用webservice
	 * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
	 */
	private void postMethodWS(){
		DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
		HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(
				"http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/TrainTimeWebService.asmx/getStationAndTimeByTrainCode");
		List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
		nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("TrainCode",null));
		nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("UserID", null));
		UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEntity = null;
		try {
			urlEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps,
					HTTP.UTF_8);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e1.printStackTrace();
		}
		httpost.setEntity(urlEntity);
		ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
		String responseBody = null;
		try {
			responseBody = httpclient.execute(httpost, responseHandler);
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println(responseBody);
		httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();	
	}
	/**
	 * 通过soap方式调用webservice
	 * @throws IOException 
	 * @throws ClientProtocolException 
	 */
	private void soapMethodWS(){
 
		String soapRequestData = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>"
				+ "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\">"
				+ "<soap:Body>"
				+ "<getStationName xmlns=\"http://WebXml.com.cn/\" />"
				+ "</soap:Body>" + "</soap:Envelope>";
		DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
		HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost("http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/TrainTimeWebService.asmx"); 
		httpost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=utf-8");
		HttpEntity entity = null;
		try {
			entity = new StringEntity(soapRequestData);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e1.printStackTrace();
		} 
		httpost.setEntity(entity);
		ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
		String responseBody = null;
		try {
			responseBody = httpclient.execute(httpost, responseHandler);
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println(responseBody);
		httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
	}
 
	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws ClientProtocolException
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Test t=new Test();
		t.getMethodWS();//get方式测试
		t.soapMethodWS();//soap方式测试
		t.postMethodWS();//post方式测试
	}
 
}